seata入门使用教程

1. 下载seata-server

我这里选择的是1.5.2版本，大家最好选择一样的版本号，版本不一致可能会引发未知的问题。

下载页面： http://seata.io/zh-cn/blog/download.html
目前最新版本1.5.2，点击下载，或者直接点击链接：下载链接

2. 修改配置

需要修改conf目录下面的application.yml，下面是修改后的application.yml，然后启动seata-server，启动命令再bin目录下面。

server:
  port: 7091

spring:
  application:
    name: seata-server

logging:
  config: classpath:logback-spring.xml
  file:
    path: ${user.home}/logs/seata
  extend:
    logstash-appender:
      destination: 127.0.0.1:4560
    kafka-appender:
      bootstrap-servers: 127.0.0.1:9092
      topic: logback_to_logstash

console:
  user:
    username: seata
    password: seata

seata:
  config:
    # support: nacos, consul, apollo, zk, etcd3
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      server-addr: 公网ip:8848
      namespace: seata
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      username: nacos
      password: nacos
      data-id: seataServer.properties
  registry:
    # support: nacos, eureka, redis, zk, consul, etcd3, sofa
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      application: seata-server
      server-addr: 公网ip:8848
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      namespace: seata
      cluster: default
      username: nacos
      password: nacos
  store:
    # support: file 、 db 、 redis
    mode: db
#  server:
#    service-port: 8091 #If not configured, the default is '${server.port} + 1000'
  security:
    secretKey: SeataSecretKey0c382ef121d778043159209298fd40bf3850a017
    tokenValidityInMilliseconds: 1800000
    ignore:
      urls: /,/**/*.css,/**/*.js,/**/*.html,/**/*.map,/**/*.svg,/**/*.png,/**/*.ico,/console-fe/public/**,/api/v1/auth/login

3. nacos配置

创建命名空间seata
增加配置文件 Data Id：seataServer.properties， Group：SEATA_GROUP，文件格式选择properties

#For details about configuration items, see https://seata.io/zh-cn/docs/user/configurations.html
#Transport configuration, for client and server
transport.type=TCP
transport.server=NIO
transport.heartbeat=true
transport.enableTmClientBatchSendRequest=false
transport.enableRmClientBatchSendRequest=true
transport.enableTcServerBatchSendResponse=false
transport.rpcRmRequestTimeout=30000
transport.rpcTmRequestTimeout=30000
transport.rpcTcRequestTimeout=30000
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadPrefix=NettyBoss
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadPrefix=NettyServerNIOWorker
transport.threadFactory.serverExecutorThreadPrefix=NettyServerBizHandler
transport.threadFactory.shareBossWorker=false
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadPrefix=NettyClientSelector
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.clientWorkerThreadPrefix=NettyClientWorkerThread
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadSize=default
transport.shutdown.wait=3
transport.serialization=seata
transport.compressor=none

#Transaction routing rules configuration, only for the client
service.vgroupMapping.default_tx_group=default
#If you use a registry, you can ignore it
service.default.grouplist=127.0.0.1:8091
service.enableDegrade=false
service.disableGlobalTransaction=false

#Transaction rule configuration, only for the client
client.rm.asyncCommitBufferLimit=10000
client.rm.lock.retryInterval=10
client.rm.lock.retryTimes=30
client.rm.lock.retryPolicyBranchRollbackOnConflict=true
client.rm.reportRetryCount=5
client.rm.tableMetaCheckEnable=true
client.rm.tableMetaCheckerInterval=60000
client.rm.sqlParserType=druid
client.rm.reportSuccessEnable=false
client.rm.sagaBranchRegisterEnable=false
client.rm.sagaJsonParser=fastjson
client.rm.tccActionInterceptorOrder=-2147482648
client.tm.commitRetryCount=5
client.tm.rollbackRetryCount=5
client.tm.defaultGlobalTransactionTimeout=60000
client.tm.degradeCheck=false
client.tm.degradeCheckAllowTimes=10
client.tm.degradeCheckPeriod=2000
client.tm.interceptorOrder=-2147482648
client.undo.dataValidation=true
client.undo.logSerialization=jackson
client.undo.onlyCareUpdateColumns=true
server.undo.logSaveDays=7
server.undo.logDeletePeriod=86400000
client.undo.logTable=undo_log
client.undo.compress.enable=true
client.undo.compress.type=zip
client.undo.compress.threshold=64k
#For TCC transaction mode
tcc.fence.logTableName=tcc_fence_log
tcc.fence.cleanPeriod=1h

#Log rule configuration, for client and server
log.exceptionRate=100

#Transaction storage configuration, only for the server. The file, DB, and redis configuration values are optional.
store.mode=DB
store.lock.mode=file
store.session.mode=file
#Used for password encryption
store.publicKey=

#If `store.mode,store.lock.mode,store.session.mode` are not equal to `file`, you can remove the configuration block.
store.file.dir=file_store/data
store.file.maxBranchSessionSize=16384
store.file.maxGlobalSessionSize=512
store.file.fileWriteBufferCacheSize=16384
store.file.flushDiskMode=async
store.file.sessionReloadReadSize=100

#These configurations are required if the `store mode` is `db`. If `store.mode,store.lock.mode,store.session.mode` are not equal to `db`, you can remove the configuration block.
store.db.datasource=druid
store.db.dbType=mysql
store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://公网ip:3306/seata?useUnicode=true&rewriteBatchedStatements=true
store.db.user=root
store.db.password=mimazhaowoyao
store.db.minConn=5
store.db.maxConn=30
store.db.globalTable=global_table
store.db.branchTable=branch_table
store.db.distributedLockTable=distributed_lock
store.db.queryLimit=100
store.db.lockTable=lock_table
store.db.maxWait=5000

#These configurations are required if the `store mode` is `redis`. If `store.mode,store.lock.mode,store.session.mode` are not equal to `redis`, you can remove the configuration block.
store.redis.mode=single
store.redis.single.host=127.0.0.1
store.redis.single.port=6379
store.redis.sentinel.masterName=
store.redis.sentinel.sentinelHosts=
store.redis.maxConn=10
store.redis.minConn=1
store.redis.maxTotal=100
store.redis.database=0
store.redis.password=
store.redis.queryLimit=100

#Transaction rule configuration, only for the server
server.recovery.committingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.asynCommittingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.rollbackingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.timeoutRetryPeriod=1000
server.maxCommitRetryTimeout=-1
server.maxRollbackRetryTimeout=-1
server.rollbackRetryTimeoutUnlockEnable=false
server.distributedLockExpireTime=10000
server.xaerNotaRetryTimeout=60000
server.session.branchAsyncQueueSize=5000
server.session.enableBranchAsyncRemove=false
server.enableParallelRequestHandle=false

#Metrics configuration, only for the server
metrics.enabled=false
metrics.registryType=compact
metrics.exporterList=prometheus
metrics.exporterPrometheusPort=9898

再新加一个配置：Data Id：service.vgroupMapping.default_tx_group ，Group：SEATA_GROUP，内容：default

4. 创建seata需要的数据库和表

创建数据库，库名就是seata，然后执行以下sql，创建seata需要的表。

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for branch_table
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `branch_table`;
CREATE TABLE `branch_table`  (
  `branch_id` bigint(0) NOT NULL,
  `xid` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL,
  `transaction_id` bigint(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `resource_group_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `resource_id` varchar(256) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `branch_type` varchar(8) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `status` tinyint(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `client_id` varchar(64) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `application_data` varchar(2000) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `gmt_create` datetime(6) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `gmt_modified` datetime(6) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `idx_xid`(`xid`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for distributed_lock
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `distributed_lock`;
CREATE TABLE `distributed_lock`  (
  `lock_key` char(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL,
  `lock_value` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL,
  `expire` bigint(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`lock_key`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for global_table
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `global_table`;
CREATE TABLE `global_table`  (
  `xid` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL,
  `transaction_id` bigint(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `status` tinyint(0) NOT NULL,
  `application_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `transaction_service_group` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `transaction_name` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `timeout` int(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `begin_time` bigint(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `application_data` varchar(2000) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `gmt_create` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `gmt_modified` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`xid`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `idx_status_gmt_modified`(`status`, `gmt_modified`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `idx_transaction_id`(`transaction_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for lock_table
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `lock_table`;
CREATE TABLE `lock_table`  (
  `row_key` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL,
  `xid` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `transaction_id` bigint(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `branch_id` bigint(0) NOT NULL,
  `resource_id` varchar(256) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `table_name` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `pk` varchar(36) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `status` tinyint(0) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '0:locked ,1:rollbacking',
  `gmt_create` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `gmt_modified` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `idx_status`(`status`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `idx_branch_id`(`branch_id`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `idx_xid`(`xid`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

其他每个业务数据库都需要添加一个undo_log表

CREATE TABLE `undo_log` (
  `id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `branch_id` bigint NOT NULL,
  `xid` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
  `context` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
  `rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
  `log_status` int NOT NULL,
  `log_created` datetime NOT NULL,
  `log_modified` datetime NOT NULL,
  `ext` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3;

5. 创建SpringBoot项目验证一下

添加seata的maven依赖


        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
            <!-- 默认seata客户端版本比较低，排除后重新引入指定版本-->
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
                    <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
            <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

然后每个服务下面增加以下配置

seata:
  application-id: ${spring.application.name}
  enabled: true
  enable-auto-data-source-proxy: true
  tx-service-group: default_tx_group
  # 指定事务分组至集群映射关系，集群名default需要与seata-server注册到Nacos的cluster保持一致
  service:
    vgroup-mapping:
      default_tx_group: default
  config:
    nacos:
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      namespace: seata
      server-addr: 公网ip:8848
      username: nacos
      password: nacos
    type: nacos
  registry:
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      application: seata-server
      # nacos 服务地址
      server-addr: 公网ip:8848
      namespace: seata
      group: SEATA_GROUP

@GlobalTransactional

在方法上增加注解@GlobalTransactional，原有的@Transactional不能删掉，还是需要的。

    @Transactional
    @GlobalTransactional
    public void test() {
        // 调用服务A
        // 调用服务B
        int i = 1 / 0;
    }

添加druid配置以及mybatis配置。

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;
import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
public class DruidDataSourceConfig {

    @Bean
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
    public DataSource druidDataSource() {
        DruidDataSource druidDataSource = new DruidDataSource();
        return druidDataSource;
    }

    @Bean
    public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory(DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean factoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        factoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);
        factoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver()
                .getResources("classpath*:/mybatis/mapper/*.xml"));
        return factoryBean.getObject();
    }

}